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Python中私有变量和私有方法芳

2022-04-24 21:57:15 来源：程序员客栈

Python中要想定义的方法或者变量只能在类内部使用不被外部使用，可以在方法和变量前面加两个下划线，让其变为私有方法或私有变量。类外部可以通过 ”_类名__私有属性（方法）名“ 访问私有属性（方法）。

class Person:__work = "teacher"def __init__(self,name,age):self.name = nameself.__age = agedef run(self):print(self.__age,self.__work)def __eat(self):print("1111")

__work是私有类变量，类外是无法访问的

if __name__ == "__main__":print(Person.__work)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Users/wangli/PycharmProjects/Test/test/test.py", line 20, in 
print(Person.__work)
AttributeError: type object "Person" has no attribute "__work"

__work是私有类变量，类外类实例对象是无法访问的

if __name__ == "__main__":    test1 = Person("王大力","22")print(test1.__work)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Users/wangli/PycharmProjects/Test/test/test.py", line 21, in 
print(test1.__work)
AttributeError: "Person" object has no attribute "__work"

__age是私有实例变量，类外类实例对象是无法访问的

if __name__ == "__main__":    test1 = Person("王大力","22")print(test1.__age)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Users/wangli/PycharmProjects/Test/test/test.py", line 21, in 
print(test1.__age)
AttributeError: "Person" object has no attribute "__age"

__work是私有类变量，__age是私有实例变量，类内是可以访问的

if __name__ == "__main__":    test1 = Person("王大力","22")test1.run()
22 teacher
Process finished with exit code 0

__eat（）是私有方法，类外是无法访问的

if __name__ == "__main__":    test1 = Person("王大力","22")print(test1.__eat())
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Users/wangli/PycharmProjects/Test/test/test.py", line 21, in 
print(test1.__eat())
AttributeError: "Person" object has no attribute "__eat"

__work是私有类变量，__age是私有实例变量，__eat（）是私有方法，类外部可以通过 ”_Person___私有属性（方法）名“ 访问私有属性（方法）

if __name__ == "__main__":    print(Person._Person__work)    test1 = Person("王大力","22")    print(test1._Person__work)    print(test1._Person__age)test1._Person__eat()
teacher
teacher
22
1111
Process finished with exit code 0

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